康明斯柴油發動機電控系統概述ECM

Cummings diesel engine electronic control system

康明斯和傳統的機械控制的發動機相比，電控發動機通過一個中央電子控制單元（ ECM）來控制和協調發動機的工作，ECM就象人的大腦一樣，通過各種傳感器和開關實時監測發動機的各種運行參數和操作者的控制指令，通過計算后發出命令給相應的控制元件，如噴油器等，實現對發動機的優化控制。控制系統通過精確控制噴油時間和噴油量，以達到降低排放和提高燃油經濟性的目的。

Cummings and the traditional mechanical control engine, electronic controlled engine through a central electronic control unit ( ECM ) to control and coordinate the work of the engine, ECM as human brain, through a variety of sensors and switches for real-time monitoring of various engine operating parameters and the control instruction, through the calculation to issue commands to the corresponding the control element, such as a fuel injector, to realize optimization control of engine. Control system through the precise control of injection timing and fuel injection amount, in order to reduce emissions and improve fuel economy purposes.

如下示意圖所示， ECM處在整個發動機控制系統的核心位置。各種輸入設備，包括傳感器、開關和油門踏板向 ECM提供各種信息，ECM通過這些信息來判斷發動機當前的運行工況和操作者的控制指令。輸出設備為執行元件，它們執行 ECM通過計算得出的各種控制指令。在所有的執行元件中，昀重要的執行元件是實現噴油量控制和噴油時間控制的元件。在不同的燃油系統中，實現噴油量和噴油時刻控制的元件各有不同。比如共軌系統中實現噴油量和噴油時刻控制的是噴油器中的電磁閥。

The following diagram shows, ECM is in the core position of engine control system. Various input devices, including sensors, switches and the accelerator pedal to provide a variety of information ECM, ECM use this information to determine the current operating conditions of engine and an operator control command. Output device for the implementation of components, their implementation of ECM is obtained by calculating the control command. In all of the implementation of components, most important executive element is the realization of fuel control and fuel injection timing control element. In the different fuel system, realize the fuel injection quantity and injection timing control element is different. For example, common rail system and achieve fuel injection quantity and injection timing control is in the injector solenoid valve.

電子控制（ECM）單元

Electronic control unit ( ECM )

電子控制單元 (ECM)是整個控制系統的核心。 ECM內部有存儲器，存儲控制系統運行的程序。這些程序在 ECM

The electronic control unit ( ECM ) is the core of the whole control system. ECM internal memory, the storage control system operation procedure. The program in ECM

沒有物理損傷的前提下可以通過服務軟件擦除重寫。 ECM是精密的電子元件，在對車輛系統進行維修時要注意保護。

No physical injury under the premise can through service software erasable rewrite. ECM is a sophisticated electronic components, the vehicle repair system should pay attention to the protection.

在查拔 ECM上的連接插頭前，請斷開系統電源。不允許帶電插拔 ECM上的連接插頭。n

nin check out ECM plug connection, disconnect the power supply system. Do not allow hot-plugging ECM connector plug.

在對 ECM插頭內的針腳進行測量時，一定要使用合適的轉接導線，不可以用萬用表的表筆直接測量。n

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non ECM inside the plug pins are measured, must use suitable connecting wire, can not use a multimeter pen direct measurement.

在需要對底盤和發動機進行焊接作業時，一定要將 ECM從發動機上拆下來，否則將損傷 ECM，導致 ECM失效。•

In need on the chassis and engine for the welding operation, must be removed from the engine ECM, otherwise it will damage the ECM, resulting in ECM failure.

由于電控柴油機燃油系統的多樣性，康明斯有多種不同型號的 ECM用在不同型號的發動機上。下圖列出了不同年代在康明斯發動機上使用的 ECM。這些 ECM具有不同的零件號，在定購時請注意。

As a result of electronically controlled diesel engine fuel system of Cummins diversity, there are many different types of ECM used in different types of engines. The following lists the different time in the Cummings engine used on ECM. The ECM has a different part number, in order to note.

對同一平臺的發動機，由于應用場合的不同， ECM會有所不同。對車用和工程機械應用，通常 ECM的型號和零件號是一樣的，但采用不同的標定軟件。對發電機驅動應用，康明斯設計了新型號的 ECM。值得指出的是，在發電機驅動應用中，在一般的技術文獻中不再稱電子控制單元為 ECM，而是稱其為控制器。

On the same platform engine, due to the different applications, ECM will be different. On vehicle and engineering machinery applications, usually ECM models and part number is the same, but using different calibration software. The generator drive applications, the design of a new type of ECM cummins. It is worth noting that, in the generator drive applications, in the general technical literature is no longer called electronic control unit for ECM, but called for the controller.

對同一型號的發動機，在相同的應用場合， ECM內的控制軟件依然有所不同，這是由于發動機的功率，適應的排放法規的不同等等原因造成的。在重新標定 ECM時必須注意選擇合適的標定軟件，這些不同的標定軟件是通過 ECM Code號來區分的。

For the same type of engine, the same applications, ECM control software is different, this is due to the power of the engine, adapted to emission regulations so different causes. The calibration of ECM must pay attention to select the appropriate calibration software, these different calibration software by ECM Code to distinguish.

輸入設備

Input device

輸入設備向 ECM輸入各種參數， ECM通過這些參數來判斷發動機當前的運行工況、司機的操作指令和其它的一些信號。只有基于輸入設備輸入的正確參數，ECM才能做出正確的判斷，控制發動機的運行。

The input device to input various parameters of ECM, ECM through these parameters to determine the current operating conditions of engine, the driver's operation instruction and other signals. Only based on the input device to input the correct parameters, ECM can make the correct judgment, controls the operation of the engine.

按照輸入設備功能的不同，可簡單地將其分為三類，傳感器、開關和油門踏板。輸入設備由 ECM提供工作電源，大部分輸入設備的工作電壓都為 5伏。

In accordance with the input device with different functions, can be simply classified into three categories, sensor, switch and the accelerator pedal. The input device is provided by ECM power supply, most of the input device working voltage of 5 v.

發動機主要通過安裝在發動機和車輛上的各種傳感器來實時監測當前的運行參數，不同的機型在傳感器類型和數量上會有所不同，對柴油電控發動機，這些傳感器通常包括：機油壓力和溫度傳感器，進氣溫度和壓力傳感器，冷卻液溫傳感器，柴油壓力和溫度傳感器，發動機轉速傳感器，發動機位置傳感器，大氣壓力傳感器等等。

Main engine through the engine and vehicle mounted in the various sensors to monitor the running parameter, different models in the sensor type and quantity will vary, the diesel electronic control engine, the sensors generally include: oil pressure and temperature sensor, intake temperature and pressure sensor, coolant temperature sensor, oil pressure and temperature sensor, an engine speed sensor, an engine position sensor, pressure sensor and so on.

對天然氣電控發動機，康明斯柴油發動機電控系統|康明斯柴油發動機電控系統ECM維修技術|康明斯柴油發動機電控系統ECM資料|康明斯柴油發動機電控系統維修技術|康明斯柴油發動機電控系統維修服務商|由于其特有的燃料系統和點火方式，除了上述的一些傳感器以外，通常還安裝有節氣門位置傳感器、氣體流量傳感器、氧傳感器和爆震傳感器。有些機型可能還裝有空氣濕度傳感器。

The electronic controlled natural gas engine, due to its unique fuel system and ignition mode, in addition to the number of sensors, also usually fitted with solar term door position sensor, a gas flow sensor, oxygen sensor and a knock sensor. Some models may also be fitted with air humidity sensor.